MushroomFarming / guide

Mushroom Crop Health

An evidence-led guide to connect symptoms to biology, compost, casing, climate, pests, hygiene and engineering through evidence.

4 full chapters + technical referenceSources & review ↓

Cultivation context—not a diagnostic photograph. See the labelled symptom references below.I. G. Safonov (IGSafonov) · CC BY-SA 3.0View full photograph ↗

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New to this topic? Begin here.

A symptom is the beginning of an investigation

First describe what changed, then compare possible explanations. A spot, stalled bag or uneven bed is not a diagnosis. This lesson shows how to turn a worrying observation into a useful question for your adviser without treating a look-alike picture as proof.

Teaching illustration of a grower documenting a mushroom bed with photographs, a notebook and measurements. — AI-generated documentation scene, not a disease reference. Actual published disease photographs remain in the crop-problem tool.

Symptom: The change you can describe: spots, distorted mushrooms, poor development or an uneven crop. Record the change without assuming its cause.
Pattern: Where and when the change occurs: one bag, one material batch, an air outlet, a rack tier or the whole room. The comparison helps decide what to investigate.
Possible explanation: A cause to test against the evidence. Several causes may produce similar appearances; a familiar photograph does not rule out the alternatives.
Confirmation: Evidence that supports the cause, sometimes requiring a trained inspection or laboratory examination. A web checklist cannot replace those steps.

Learn it in this order

Name the crop and stage
Record the cultivated species, batch and development stage. Do not use a Button disease image as a general identification guide for every mushroom.
Open this lesson →
Compare affected and unaffected areas
Use matching crop age, lighting and camera distance. Photograph the whole bed, the affected area and a healthy comparison before routine work changes the evidence.
Open this lesson →
Check the recent history
Record when the change began, watering, handling, material changes and available measurements. Separate what you observed from what somebody suspects.
Open this lesson →
Choose a safe next investigation
Limit unnecessary movement of suspect material, seek advice about containment and ask the laboratory how to submit a sample. Do not invent a spray recipe from a photograph.
Open this lesson →

Work through an example

Brown cap marks: ask what happened before naming them

The situation: Two Button mushroom trays have brown marks. One was handled during picking; the other remained in the room after watering. The colour alone is not enough to decide whether the causes match.
Think it through: Compare when the marks appeared, whether caps stayed wet, where handling occurred and whether new unhandled mushrooms develop similar marks. Persistent surface moisture is relevant to bacterial blotch, but similar-looking spots can have other causes.
Your next decision: Keep labelled photographs and the history for the adviser. Do not declare the crop safe to sell or identify a pathogen from this comparison. Use the published photo references as clues, not a diagnosis.

Check your understanding

Try answering first, then open the explanation.

Does white growth automatically mean healthy mushroom mycelium?

No. Colour alone is insufficient. Compare the crop, stage, location and progression, and obtain a competent examination if the growth is unexpected.

Should I change temperature, watering and ventilation together to see what works?

Do not experiment with several uncontrolled changes. Address immediate safety or containment needs first, then use a documented assessment and a competent crop-management plan.

What if the cause is still uncertain?

Record the uncertainty and ask a qualified mushroom adviser or laboratory what evidence is needed. Uncertainty is not permission to use an unverified treatment.

Learning sources and limits

Editorial teaching explanation, not an independently reviewed operating protocol. Worked scenarios are illustrative.

Penn State: bacterial blotch disease ↗Cap moisture and disease context; not a diagnosis of a visitor’s crop or a chemical recommendation.
Penn State: mushroom pests and diseases ↗Reference topics for cultivated-mushroom disease investigation.

Continue to the detailed walkthrough ↓

The full field guide

Investigate a crop problem without losing the evidence

Describe the pattern, protect the remaining crop, compare possible causes and prepare a useful record for a crop specialist.

Choose a picture to understand that part of the process.

AI-generated teaching illustrations · Not photographs of actual farms

Chapter 01

Describe what changed before naming a disease

Write the mushroom species, crop stage, first observation date and affected material. Describe what is visible: slowed colonisation, altered colour, damaged caps, soft tissue, poor pinning or insects. Include how many bags or which bed area appear affected and whether the pattern is expanding. These observations are more useful than writing a disease name inferred from one image.

Take a room overview, a view of the affected bed or bags, a close view and a healthy comparison at the same stage. Keep lighting and distance consistent. Mark the affected area on a room map. Do not open suspect bags or move material through clean areas simply to improve a photograph. Ask the receiving specialist how to collect and send a sample when one is required.

Construct a short timeline of spawning, casing, watering, ventilation changes, new deliveries, equipment failures and movement between rooms. A cause must fit both the visible signs and the history. A laboratory result, crop inspection or additional measurements may be needed to distinguish look-alike problems.

Chapter 02

Protect the workflow while the cause is investigated

Reduce unnecessary movement from affected areas to clean work. Use the farm's agreed handling route and clean tools between tasks. Give staff a clear description of the affected area so it is not harvested, watered or visited as though nothing has changed. Handle waste under the established crop-health procedure; improvising removal can distribute contaminated material.

Keep product quality and worker safety separate from the wish to save a crop. Escalate unusual spoilage, widespread deterioration, unidentified contamination or exposure concerns to the appropriate specialist. Do not apply a chemical because a picture resembles a disease. Any proposed use must match the current authorised crop use and label, and the person recommending it must understand the actual problem.

Useful low-disturbance checks
Pattern	Questions to compare	Evidence that helps
Several rooms after one delivery	Do they share spawn, compost, casing or transport?	Lot IDs and receipt records
One edge or rack level	Does air, water, temperature or access differ here?	Room map and matched readings
Sudden change after an operation	What changed, where and when?	Shift log and before/after photos
Repeated insect activity	Are entry points, waste or incoming materials involved?	Identified monitoring points and trends

Chapter 03

Compare explanations and look for evidence against them

Separate biological causes from environmental, material and handling causes. Several can coexist. For example, cap damage can follow handling, persistent wetness or a crop-health problem; appearance alone may not separate them. Ask what observation would make each explanation less likely. Healthy beds using the same compost may be informative, but they do not automatically clear that compost if the handling and environment differed.

For each possible cause, list a check, the result and what remains unresolved. Do not replace an unknown with a precise-looking confidence percentage. Send the record to the specialist with a specific question: what further evidence is needed, what can be done immediately, and what would confirm the identification? This produces a better consultation than asking for a medicine against a photograph.

Chapter 04

Close the investigation with a prevention change

A useful report states the finding, its confidence, what action was taken and the result. If the cause was not established, retain that uncertainty. Review whether receiving checks, room turnaround, staff movement, water management, pest exclusion or record keeping would have detected the problem earlier.

Track recurring problems by crop stage and material lot. Compare rates using a consistent denominator, such as affected bags out of bags received, rather than only the count of photographs. Assign the preventive change to someone and check whether the next crop follows it. Cleaning instructions and monitoring sheets have value only when their use can be observed.

01
Detect
Describe and map the first signs.
02
Protect
Use the agreed hygiene and movement controls.
03
Investigate
Compare material, environment, handling and biological explanations.
04
Learn
Record the finding and verify a specific prevention change in the next crop.

Chapter sources & scope

These are educational explanations, not an independently reviewed operating protocol. Worked examples do not predict your yield or income.

ICAR-DMR: crop advisory archive ↗
Seasonal crop-health context. Historic chemical advice is not reproduced as a current recommendation.
ICAR-DMR: technical publications ↗
Further crop and disorder references; the investigation worksheet is original editorial guidance.

Back to the chapter list ↑

Understand the topic

What you need to know.

Most mushroom crop problems trace back to something the grower controls: compost, casing, water, air, temperature, hygiene or the doors that let organisms in. This page explains the three kinds of cause, why one visible sign can have several of them, which room figures to test first, how disease and pests get in, and where chemical advice stops. For a live problem, use the Diagnose tool.

Teaching revised 2026-09-24. Source-linked editorial synthesis; this date does not imply independent technical review.

Part 01

Three kinds of cause sit behind most crop problems

When a crop goes wrong, the cause usually belongs to one of three groups, and each group needs a different response.

Environmental causes involve no organism at all. The ICAR-DMR manual lists temperature, humidity, substrate moisture, pH, carbon dioxide, air speed and fumes. These problems follow the room, a rack position or a batch, and they stop when the condition is corrected.

Pests are flies, mites, springtails and nematodes. They feed on mycelium or mushrooms and they leave evidence of themselves: adults in a trap, larvae or tunnels in a cut stem, mites under a lens.

Infectious causes are fungi, bacteria and viruses growing on or in the crop. They start at a point and spread, and they need a way in: casing soil, spawn, air, water splash, hands or tools.

Check them in that order, because it is the order of cost: a thermometer and the records take minutes, a hand lens a little longer, and naming an infection may need a laboratory. The groups also feed each other. The manual records that sciarid flies carry spores of disease fungi, nematodes and mites, and that sciarids and mites carry the blotch bacterium, so a fly problem left alone can become a disease problem.

Source: ICAR-DMR manual, 2011

Sort a problem by the cheapest check first

Room and recordsCompare bed readings, watering and batch records with published limits. A reading out of range points to an environmental cause.
Look for the organismCheck the trap, cut a stem, use a hand lens. Adults, larvae, tunnels or mites point to a pest.
Watch the patternA patch that starts at a point and spreads, with no room fault or pest found, points to an infection.
Confirm before treatingAsk ICAR-DMR, a KVK or a laboratory to name the organism before any treatment.

Part 02

One visible sign, more than one possible cause

The ICAR-DMR manual and the NHB model DPR describe the same sign under quite different causes. Each item below separates what you see from what could be behind it. These overlaps are why this site never names a problem from one photograph or one symptom.

You see onion-shaped mushrooms. Possible causes: high carbon dioxide at pinning, or dry bubble infection at an early stage.
You see drumstick-shaped mushrooms. Possible causes: carbon dioxide trapped by poor air movement, or one of the variable symptoms of die-back virus disease.
You see pins forming below the casing surface. Possible causes: die-back virus, or a sudden fall in temperature, too much aeration or lowering carbon dioxide too early.
You see mushrooms bunched in dense clusters. Possible causes: climate at pinhead formation that needs correcting, or die-back virus.
You see brown spots on caps. Possible causes: light brown sunken spots of late dry bubble, slimy dark brown bacterial blotch, or brownish lesions from some green mould species.
You see pinheads that stop growing, brown or die. Possible causes: sciarid or phorid larvae feeding at the pin stage, or nematodes in the compost.

Sources: ICAR-DMR manual, 2011 · NHB DPR model, 2018

Part 03

Room and compost figures to test before blaming an organism

The environmental group is the cheapest to test because ICAR-DMR publishes limits for it. A thermometer at bed level, the watering log and the compost record answer these in minutes, before anyone sends a sample.

Bacterial blotch spots enlarge at20 °C or moreOnly while a film of water sits on the cap.

Water film on capsmore than 3 hoursBlotch bacteria on the cap multiply when free water persists this long.

Humidity to avoid in a warm roomabove 85 % RHTogether with temperature above 20 °C, to limit blotch.

False truffle appears above23 °CCommon in February and early March on the northern plains.

Compost pH band7.2 to 7.8The manual's mould table links low compost pH to green mould and high pH to white plaster mould.

Pasteurisation not to exceed60 °CAbove it the manual expects olive green mould.

Weepers are seen with compost moisturebelow 64 %Where dry compost sits under wet casing.

Sources: ICAR-DMR manual, 2011 · NHB DPR model, 2018

Part 04

Close the routes that disease and pests use to get in

Almost every serious problem arrives on something: casing, air, flies, people, tools or crop waste. Each route has a physical barrier that costs less than a cure.

Casing is the main route for the bubble diseases. The manual says wet bubble spreads primarily through casing soil, where its resting spores survive up to three years, and that dry bubble is brought onto a farm by infected casing. Use treated casing and store it where it cannot be contaminated again.

Air carries spores. The manual fits 2 µm mesh filters on fresh-air entry points to hold back disease and competitor mould spores. Flies are small enough to pass ordinary wire screen, which is why the manual specifies nylon net of 35 mesh or finer.

People and tools move disease from bed to bed: dry bubble spreads on equipment, hands and clothing. The NHB model DPR says picking should start in the newer, cleaner crop and move towards older crops.

Waste keeps a problem alive. Stem cuttings dropped on the floor or bed encourage unwanted organisms, and at the end of the crop the NHB DPR cooks out the compost at 70 °C for 12 hours before the room is emptied.

Sources: ICAR-DMR manual, 2011 · NHB DPR model, 2018

Five routes in, and the barrier for each

CasingUse treated casing and keep it clean until casing day.
AirFit 2 µm mesh filters on fresh-air entry points.
FliesNylon net of 35 mesh or finer on doors and ventilators.
People and toolsPick the newer, cleaner crop first and older crops last.
WasteCollect stem cuttings; cook out compost at 70 °C for 12 hours at crop end.

Part 05

Where chemical advice stops on this site

The ICAR-DMR manual and the NHB model DPR print chemical names and doses that were current when they were written. This site does not repeat them and gives no pesticide, fungicide or disinfectant doses.

IfA manual, a neighbour or a shop names a product and a dose.: ThenTreat it as a historical record. Before buying, check that the product currently carries a label for mushrooms in India for this exact problem, and follow that label.
IfA product is registered in India.: ThenThat alone is not permission to use it on mushrooms. Registration of an ingredient or formulation does not establish a mushroom crop or target on its label.
IfSomeone quotes a waiting period between spraying and picking.: ThenAsk which product it belongs to. The manual and the NHB DPR attach each waiting period to a named product; for any other product, the current label sets the interval.
IfThe problem spreads, reaches more than one room, or looks like a virus or an unfamiliar mould.: ThenContain it and contact ICAR-DMR, a KVK, an agricultural university or a qualified adviser before any treatment.

Sources: Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine and Storage: Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine and Storage regulatory functions · NHB DPR model, 2018 · ICAR-DMR manual, 2011

Keep exploring

Every part of this topic.

Choose the stage, material or decision you need to understand next.

What Are You Seeing?

An evidence-led guide to begin with a precise crop observation instead of a disease name.

Differential Diagnosis

An evidence-led guide to compare plausible biological and non-biological causes using supporting and negative evidence.

Crop Health Prevention

An evidence-led guide to apply prevention, exclusion, hygiene, monitoring and root-cause correction before treatment.

Production Hygiene

An evidence-led guide to separate cleaning, sanitation, disinfection and crop protection by purpose and evidence.

Farm Biosecurity

An evidence-led guide to control people, material, tool, air, water, pest and waste movement across proportional risk zones.

Crop Health Monitoring

An evidence-led guide to detect change from normal through daily observations, mapped measurements and traceable trends.

Crop Health Glossary

An evidence-led guide to use pathology, pest and biosecurity terms consistently without turning labels into diagnoses.

Go deeper

Technical reference, records and tools.

Detailed crop-stage information, parameters, diagrams and specialist tools are kept together below. This material retains its source conditions and review limits.

Open the complete technical reference

Crop health

Mushroom Crop Health

An evidence-led guide to connect symptoms to biology, compost, casing, climate, pests, hygiene and engineering through evidence.

Evidence postureExternal specialist review not recordedNo single-photo diagnosisNo operational chemical doseEditorially published

Button mushroom · Photo reference and management

See the symptom. Check the cause. Act carefully.

Real research photographs with practical, nonchemical first steps. These examples come from published studies, not MushroomWale farms. Resemblance is a clue, not confirmation of disease in your crop.

01Observe the crop and record the pattern
02Limit transfer to clean areas
03Check the diagnosis and follow a response plan
04Review the next crop for recurrence

Dry bubble

Look for malformed mushrooms, split stems or wart-like growths. Later infection can appear as grey-brown cap spots; the appearance changes with crop stage.

What to do first: Mark the patch and do not pick out or handle dry bubbles. Avoid splashing exposed affected tissue. Have a trained supervisor contain the patch using the linked extension procedure.
Reduce the chance of recurrence: Keep casing, casing equipment and clean tools protected from contaminated dust and debris. Check fly control and movement of people between rooms.
What can look similar?: Wet bubble and other causes of spotting can look similar. A photograph cannot identify the pathogen; ask for specialist examination when the pattern is unclear.
What to record: Record when the first affected mushrooms appeared, their bed positions, watering history and whether new spots developed nearby.

Read the full condition guide →AHDB: dry bubble recognition and containment ↗Undated archived guidance; accessed 17 September 2026. International guidance: adapt with a qualified adviser for your Indian farm.

Wet bubble

Irregular swollen tissue, severely distorted mushrooms and amber droplets are useful clues. Decay can develop as affected tissue deteriorates.

What to do first: Mark the area and avoid splashing it. Once wet bubble is identified, trained staff can carefully enclose local affected material in a disposable bag, seal it and follow the farm's containment and disposal procedure.
Reduce the chance of recurrence: Protect casing and water supplies from soil, dust and crop debris. Keep clean equipment away from contaminated floors and spent material.
What can look similar?: Do not apply this removal approach to an unidentified bubble: dry bubble handling differs. Ask a crop-health specialist to distinguish them.
What to record: Record the casing lot, first affected location, water source, spread after watering and photographs before intervention.

Read the full condition guide →AHDB: wet bubble recognition and containment ↗Undated archived guidance; accessed 17 September 2026. International guidance: adapt with a qualified adviser for your Indian farm.

Research reference: white cottony growth spreading across mushrooms and casing, captioned as cobweb in Gea et al. Figure 1b. — **Published research photograph**Panel 1b, lower photograph. Display cropped; no symptom retouching.Gea, Navarro, Santos, Diánez & Carrasco (2021), Figure 1, Microorganisms 9:585 CC BY 4.0The publication identifies crop symptoms in the lower row; the upper row contains cultures. Only the crop photograph is shown here.

Cobweb disease

Watch for an expanding cottony surface growth across casing and mushrooms. Older growth may become powdery, with spotting or a pinkish tinge.

What to do first: Mark the patch before routine watering. Do not brush, blow or spray exposed growth. Arrange gentle containment by trained staff, following the extension procedure and the room's crop-management plan.
Reduce the chance of recurrence: Inspect before watering, control dust and crop debris, and clean equipment between rooms. Review how air movement and watering could carry material from an affected patch.
What can look similar?: Normal mushroom mycelium and other moulds may look white. Rate of spread, location and examination of samples matter more than colour alone.
What to record: Photograph the same marked area over time. Note nearby spotting, recent watering and which rooms shared tools or staff.

Read the full condition guide →AHDB: cobweb recognition and containment ↗Undated archived guidance; accessed 17 September 2026. International guidance: adapt with a qualified adviser for your Indian farm.

Research reference: green-sporulating growth in a Button mushroom crop, captioned as green mould in Gea et al. Figure 1d. — **Published research photograph**Panel 1d, lower photograph. Display cropped; no symptom retouching.Gea, Navarro, Santos, Diánez & Carrasco (2021), Figure 1, Microorganisms 9:585 CC BY 4.0The publication identifies crop symptoms in the lower row; the upper row contains cultures. Only the crop photograph is shown here.

Green mould observation

A dense white patch may later become green as spores form. Poor cropping can accompany the affected area, but colour does not identify a mould species.

What to do first: Flag the batch and restrict movement of affected material, tools and staff into clean areas. Do not shake bags or brush spores off beds. Obtain advice on containment and whether the crop should continue.
Reduce the chance of recurrence: Review compost preparation, spawning hygiene and batch history together. Check cleaning and the validated end-of-crop treatment before loading another crop.
What can look similar?: Several moulds can appear green. Laboratory identification may be needed to establish whether Trichoderma is involved and which species it is.
What to record: Record whether growth is in compost, casing or surface debris, which input lots are shared, and whether other rooms from the same batch are affected.

Read the full condition guide →Penn State Extension: green mold of mushrooms ↗Updated 23 December 2025; accessed 17 September 2026. International guidance: adapt with a qualified adviser for your Indian farm.

Research reference: brown surface blotching on a naturally affected mature Button mushroom, Huang et al. Figure 1b. — **Published research photograph**Panel 1b, natural symptoms. Display cropped; no symptom retouching.Huang, Huang, Nie & Liu (2024), Figure 1b, Phytopathology Research 6:21 CC BY 4.0Panel b shows naturally affected mature Button mushrooms from the study in Guangxi, China, not an Indian farm or an inoculation experiment.

Bacterial blotch

Yellow-brown to dark brown superficial patches may occur on caps, including places where mushrooms touch or surfaces remain wet.

What to do first: Check actual cap wetness after watering and look for condensation. Correct water timing and air distribution with the crop supervisor so surfaces can dry without desiccating the crop.
Reduce the chance of recurrence: Avoid persistent wet surfaces, uncontrolled temperature swings and splash transfer. Clean handling equipment and compare conditions across the room, not only at the wall sensor.
What can look similar?: Bruising, fungal spots and other bacteria can produce browning. The photographed study found more than one bacterial cause; matching a picture is not a species diagnosis.
What to record: Note when spotting appears relative to watering, picking and packing. Record wetness, condensation and affected positions before changing settings.

Read the full condition guide →Penn State Extension: bacterial blotch disease ↗Updated 23 December 2025; accessed 17 September 2026. International guidance: adapt with a qualified adviser for your Indian farm.

From symptom to cause

A first look, not a diagnosis. Most signs have more than one possible cause. Source: ICAR-DMR manual 2011.

What you see	One common cause	First step
Long stems, small caps	CO₂ building up around the crop; poor air movement	Correct the air circulation; cropping CO₂ 800 to 1,000 ppm
Green patches on compost	Green mould; low compost pH, immature spawn	Isolate, remove; check the next batch
No pins after casing	Room not aired and cooled	Air at 15 to 17 °C, RH 85%, ventilate
Brown sunken spots on caps	Bacterial blotch; a water film on the caps	Manage humidity, temperature and air movement so caps dry
White wet lumps	Wet bubble; spores survive in casing soil	Cover with plastic cups; treat the next casing
Small flies	Sciarid or phorid flies	Screens, light traps, hygiene

Picture → explanation → field task

Keep clean and suspect work separate

AI-generated educational illustrations. Not actual farm photographs, diagnostic evidence or construction specifications.

Generated illustration of dedicated work footwear and a handwashing basin at a farm entrance.

Make clean entry a routine

Clean entry has a place and a repeatable sequence. Footwear, hands and movement between areas are part of farm hygiene. The illustration does not demonstrate a validated disinfection process.

Try this on your farm

Assign the entry routine, provide suitable facilities and check that visitors and workers follow it.

Generated illustration of raw straw separated from closed cultivation bags on a different bench.

Protect prepared material

Raw inputs and protected prepared material are separated. Treatment does not protect a substrate indefinitely. Handling afterwards can introduce contamination.

Try this on your farm

Keep work areas, tools and movement routes separated. Label batches so a later problem can be traced to its preparation history.

Generated illustration of two closed cultivation bags in a washable tray with dedicated tools.

Keep suspect bags closed

A separate tray helps identify material being held for investigation. The bags are illustrative and not diagnosed. Opening, shaking or smelling suspect material is not a confirmation method.

Try this on your farm

Mark the batch, limit movement and seek qualified advice on sampling or disposal. Do not return dedicated tools to clean work without the appropriate procedure.

Generated illustration of a covered waste tub leaving a separate area away from covered harvest crates.

Plan the spent-material route

Used material and saleable harvest follow different handling paths. A disposal route can undo clean-work separation if it crosses incoming materials or harvest handling.

Try this on your farm

Map the exit route and cleaning responsibility. Check the actual workflow during a busy room turnaround, not only on a drawing.

Symptom-first entry

What are you seeing?

Choose the affected part. The next question should reduce uncertainty.

CompostGrowth, odour, colour, heat and batch pattern CasingSurface, moisture, structure and case-run pattern MyceliumCoverage, density, metabolites and abnormal growth PinsNumber, distribution, abortion and deformation MushroomsCap, stipe, lesion, texture and maturity Room environmentTemperature, moisture, gas, airflow and condensation Post-harvestBrowning, softening, dehydration and package condensation Insects or pestsOrganism, trap trend, larvae and damage

Crop-health investigation loop

A visible symptom is the beginning, not the conclusion.

1Observe
2Measure
3Differentiate
4Verify
5Find root cause
6Manage
7Prevent recurrence

Disease development needs context

A pathogen finding alone does not describe the whole outbreak.

Susceptible hostSpecies, strain and crop stage

PathogenIdentity, inoculum and pathway

Favourable environmentWater, temperature, airflow and time

Disease developmentExpression depends on their interaction

Infectious or non-infectious?

These are tendencies, not absolute laws.

Infectious pattern may show

Progression over time
Localized spread
Characteristic signs
Recurrence through a pathway

Environmental pattern may show

Rack, layer or wall alignment
Correlation with airflow or sensors
Shared response to a control change
Rapid improvement after physical correction

Internal quality view

Crop-health governance dashboard

Record status is visible. No demo farm value is presented as live data.

Disease records

4 editorially published

3 viral records remain pending specialist pathology review

Chemical records

0 operational doses

Regulatory review required

Images

0 diagnostic atlas images

Confirmed rights and diagnosis required

Diagnostic rules

6 published editorial rules

5 source-linked; none represented as externally reviewed